(2016). Sulfur-containing foods are necessary part of our diet but they make your poop smell burnt and bad. Foods with high sulfur content like garlic, onion, broccoli, and cabbage are not easily digestible. If you remember a smell in your childhood that made breathing difficult, speak with an expert. However, there is one thing that can help you, and that is deodorant. Here are some ways to help prevent foul-smelling stools: Make dietary changes. The pain of kidney stones can be similar to other abdominal pain, so it can be hard to identify. If your urine smells like popcorn, maple syrup, or another sweet odor for more than two days, you should see your doctor. 2. To correct this, you have to reduce the quantity of sulfate-rich food you eat drastically. You can even use your shampoo or toothpaste to help get rid of the smell. It may be sweet to have your poop smelling like burnt popcorn, at least you do not have to perceive the bad smell associated with poop. When these gasses accompany your stool, it may give it a burnt rubber smell. Steering clear of certain foods, especially for people with possible intolerance might be a safe way to determine if they have truly developed an intolerance or not. In the digestive system, the last phase or process is the bowel movement. Diabetes symptoms: When diabetes symptoms are a concern. Temporal lobe seizures, epilepsy, and head trauma can all cause temporary phantom smells or phantosmia, which are when something smells that is not there. Phantomsmia is the medical term for an olfactory hallucination. Preeclampsia is a poorly-understood condition of pregnancy and one of its signs is increased blood pressure in women who arent hypertensive before getting pregnant. 6. The most common substance that causes an awful smell includes hylands teething tablets and dairy products. It can be an odorless, dark colored substance that looks like coffee grounds. Give it a few days to see if the smell subsides. Type 3: Like a sausage but with smooth, soft edges. Some people also lack the needed enzymes to completely metabolize these fatty foods, which often result in the production of smelly gasses within the digestive tract. High-calorie diets, especially those rich in minerals and vitamins and other medications may be recommended to manage the condition. Your fart smells like buttered popcorn because the bacteria in your GI tract can make a rancid smell based on butyric acid, which is a component of butter. Also, you should use these types of deodorants if youre going to the gym. Some causes of your poop smelling like popcorn are: 1. There may also be a sulfuruous note, especially if you are taking medications that break down to Sulphur, like mercaptopurine or sulfasalazine. These may include: burnt toast burning rubber cigarette smoke a. It is not always obvious that your urine smells bad. Read More. Everyone knows that urine has a distinct odor. When your poop is long and firm, youre probably not taking in too many unhealthy foods. Diarrhea occurs when the body cannot absorb water from food and liquids passing through your colon. If Your Urine Smells Like Coffee. Foul-smelling pee is usually temporary. The first time around I threw up a few times, again with the same oaty smell. Consider a Electrical Wiring Upgrade If there is a smell, it could be a fire; if it does, it could be a fish or plastic odor. Your sense of smell will change especially during the first trimesters unpleasant smells will become more intense and smells you hated may become sweet to you while sweet smells become repulsive. Every substance taken into the body go through this last process unless you have constipation or any other bad condition that prevents this process. Hence, the similarities in smell. Advanced diabetes can sometimes cause strong, sweet-smelling urine. Theyll be able to do a quick urinalysis test to check for diabetes, pregnancy, or other conditions. I saw the light at the end of the tunnel when my 3-year-old and 2-year-old potty trained at the same time, which was a whole other story in itself (Im still recovering and its been 13 years), but in the end, it was worth it because we saved a shit ton of money on diapers. Why Does My Poop Smell Like Moth Balls? 33 Years old foodie & cookie lover. 4 Tips to Get Burnt Popcorn Smell Out of House As soon as possible, clean the inside of your microwave and any small spaces near it of the pungent odors. I had three kids very close together and, for three months, they were all in diapers at the same time. You can find these at your local pet store. Soon after developing these infections, you may experience abdominal cramps and then have foul-smelling, runny stools. When there is a popcorn-like odor in your urine, this could be an early sign of diabetes. However, sweet smells and peanut butter arent the only scents your babys bottom can make. Why Do I Have Sweet Smelling Poop? Burnt poop smell is caused by malabsorption, celiac disease, your diet, a short intestine, diabetes, or infection caused by salmonella or E. Coli. When a seizure occurs, the brain may also experience daydreaming, jerking movements of an arm, leg, or body, feeling foggy or confused, having periods of forgetfulness, numbness or tingling in a part of the body, or numbness. IBD (inflammatory bowel disease) like ulcerative colitis or Crohns disease, In the inability to process sugars and starches completely, A food allergy (particularly milk related). The scent may even be slightly sweet or, in some cases, popcorn-like. [ANSWERED]. Acetone is a byproduct of ketosis, which is a metabolic state that your body enters when it is starving. I have over 10 years of experience in the food industry, working in restaurants, catering, and recipe development. Have natural food like fresh fruits and leafy vegetables. Why Does My Floss Smell Like Poop? Bacteria and the products from their actions cause the poop to have different smell. To make the mixture thick and liquid, combine a large amount of baking soda with a small amount of water in a shallow bowl. There are many things to think about other than the color and smell of your poop. Why & What to DO! It is one of those smells that youll never forget. When you wake up with sweet-smelling urine, you can seek treatment depending on the underlying cause. It is possible that phimosismia is caused by a head injury or an upper respiratory infection. These smells can tell your doctor about any health issues, but they can also be very uncomfortable. For example, Crohn's disease and celiac disease can both lead to foul-smelling stool. Every day, about 2 quarts of liquid and solid water pass through the body, the solid waste is known as poop or stool. This inflammatory disease ensues after eating contaminated food. Was walking dog. If the chemicals have a popcorn scent, youll notice it right away. Example of this infection is gastroenteritis, it occurs after you have taken in food that is contaminated with E. coli and Salmonella or other bacteria, viruses or parasites. A persons urine typically smells mild, but there are numerous factors that can affect the odor, such as dehydration and excessive coffee consumption, as well as health issues and medications. Yes, and NO. When your body is in ketosis, it breaks down fat for energy, and this process produces acetone. The information shared above about the question, TOP 10 why does my poop smell like burnt popcorn BEST and NEWEST, TOP 10 why does my poop smell like burning rubber BEST and NEWEST, TOP 9 why does my poop smell like broccoli BEST and NEWEST, TOP 10 why does my poop smell like asparagus BEST and NEWEST, TOP 9 why does my poop smell like a skunk BEST and NEWEST, TOP 10 why does my poop smell like a perm BEST and NEWEST, TOP 10 why does my poop smell good BEST and NEWEST, TOP 9 why does my poop look white BEST and NEWEST. The smell of breastfed babies stools is sweet, whereas the smell of formula-fed babies poo is more pungent. Guide to the Right Guava Fruit Cultivation, The cause of the car's feet making their own sound, Can I Donate Plasma In Another State? But this could end up making your house smell unpleasant. It could be a sign of an infection, such as a bacterial infection or a sexually transmitted infection. You may even notice your poop smells like popcorn after a night of eating unhealthy foods. 2005-2023 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. Friel LA. You should also wash your hands thoroughly after handling raw meats or using the restroom. So, go see a doctor to have it checked out, as I said could be many things. If left untreated, could result in the death of both mom and fetus. No need to light candles or buy air fresheners any longer, just have the breastfed baby take a crap before those dinner guests come over and they may think you have something delicious baking in the oven, or you are popping popcorn as an appetizer. Certain medications, such as over-the-counter cold and flu medicine, can change the way urine smells. A milk allergy can be managed by contacting your doctor and asking if they can prescribe a different formula. Making dietary changes may help prevent foul-smelling stools. Theres a reason that people may find smelling phantom burning toast amusing; however, strokes are serious. ) My father-in-law thought this was so hilarious, he decided to constantly bring me vanilla cupcakes from the grocery store when hed visit.. Malabsorption: This is a condition where the body is not able to absorb the proper amount of nutrients from the food you eat. In most cases, people with this condition notice their poop and urine have a strong and sweet smell like burnt popcorn. My favorite place of hanging out, how not the kitchen! Diabetes, pregnancy, and a diet high in protein are all thought to be the cause of the foul odor in urine. The body does not release this gas though but the smell you perceive is similar to this. A persons sense of smell is frequently altered. Certain foods, in particular, make the . Im here to talk about food and cooking, and to share some of my favorite recipes with you all! When formula-fed babies are eating, their stools are usually pasty and lighter in color than when they are eating breastmilk. A seizure can cause phantosmia depending on where it is located. overeating. You can start a food journal to determine how certain foods make you feel. Preparing both meat and vegetable on the same chopping board can spread bacteria or Salmonella. Yes! If it continues, you can see a doctor. What Drugs Smell Like Burnt Plastic? Supplements and other medications: Some medications can cause discomfort to the gastrointestinal tract or even diarrhea. However, women who are pregnant may experience other changes in their urine. It can also be as it is a sign of diabetes. You may have had phantosmia in the past. If you want to restore a more pleasant scent to your liquid waste, you can drink more water or make changes to your diet. Just like food, medications are a powerful combination of chemical compounds that are designed to cause changes within the body. It is best to eat slowly and conveniently. ), are to blame for the popcorn smell in your dogs feet. This is normal, and nothing to be concerned about. Using Shout spray can remove butter stains from your favorite shirt. Created for people with ongoing healthcare needs but benefits everyone. White vinegar not only eliminates bacteria and odor, but it also helps to clean the air. If you suspect you have a fire, you should not attempt to put it out yourself. Phencyclidine, also called PCP, is a hallucinogen in the class of dissociative drugs that, 9 when smoked, often produces a recognizable smell that people describe as similar to a permanent marker. It can provide useful information about your body and diet. If your urine smells strange, it is not a sign that you are sick. Small fluctuations in odor usually caused by what youve eaten and how much youve had to drink typically arent cause for concern. If you formula feed, you can expect a color spectrum from yellow to brown shades with a pasty consistency similar to peanut butter. It could also be a sign of a digestive disorder, such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. Im Brian Danny Max, a chef and a writer at cookingtom.com. Other reasons for an Ostomy bag smelling like burnt popcorn include: a blockage in the Ostomy bag, a build-up of bacteria, or a reaction to Ostomy bag deodorants. Well, its obvious. The posts published on this website are for informational purposes only. Let's find out what may be responsible for this smell, the symptoms to note, diagnosis, and treatment options. Food allergy: Food allergy can affect both babies and adults. Examples of foods that commonly cause allergies or intolerance are diary and lactose products. There may also be a sulfurous note, especially if you are taking meds that break down to sulphur, like sulfasalazine or mercaptopurine. Dehydration or Infxn: If your urine is very concentrated, it can have a pungent smell. The smell is heavy and lingers arond my nose after I burp. Be warned! Additional causes of stool smelling burnt foul include: Malabsorption happens when your body is unable to absorb the required amount of nutrients from the food you feed on. Baby formula milk has a similar consistency to peanut butter or hummus, and the poop color of a newborn is usually tan, but yellow or greenish. This section lists a few of the possible reasons. There are a few potential reasons why your poop might stink and burn. Why Does My Babys Poop Smell Like Fish? Bacterial Infection. You may be more sensitive to smell during pregnancy because of the increase in hormones. Why Your Poop Smells Like Burnt Rubber 1. You can greatly reduce odor by taking Ostofresh or Devrom chewble pills. You should educate yourself about bowel movements whats normal, whats healthy, whats weird, whats not. Here Are 7 Likely Causes & Solutions. 4. If you work in a popcorn factory or eat a lot of popcorn, the scent could be coming from your clothes or skin. Mayo Clinic Staff. Read more on how to maintain good kidney health. Although many people believe that smelling a burning sensation indicates a stroke, there is no solid evidence to support this theory. Your urine or pee smells like buttered popcorn because the bacteria in your GI tract can make a rancid smell based on butyric acid, which is a component of butter. In some cases, it can be difficult to know if your dog is suffering from kidney stones. Is diarrhea. 2. Ive been cooking professionally for about 10 years now, and Ive loved every minute of it! Here are other symptoms to watch for. Then I get diarrea, very loose, that smells the same. These remnants rot and smell foul on their way out. A foul odor in the urine can be caused by urinary tract infections or bladder infections. This compound is what causes the stool to smell like burnt rubber. His crappy diapers smelledpretty good. This can be caused by an intestinal infection or disease of the intestines that prevents your intestines from absorbing nutrients from food. Some phantom smells are pleasant. Sulfur is derived from sulfur-rich foods like eggs. Ketones is produced when your body does not have enough sugar or glucose for fuel, this can happen during fasting or overnight. You can also add probiotics to the diet of your baby to increase his or her immune system. The smell of popcorn is one of the most common odors found in humans. Senor the symptoms of this infection can be abdominal cramps, runny stomach and foul smelling poop. No information on the website is intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. "Avoid eating foods that cause irritation, and consider an. Christine M. Drea of Duke University and Thomas E. Goodwin of Hendrix College used gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Sci.) Some causes of your poop smelling like popcorn are: 1. Dont prepare veggies and meat on the same chopping board. Seizures, epilepsy, or head trauma may all cause phantom smells or phantosmia. In temporal lobe seizures, an olfactory hallucination appears suddenly and for a short period of time. Some common foods that may cause your urine to smell like popcorn include: If youre eating or drinking things that make your urine smell like popcorn, try upping your water intake. Certain medications, such as over-the-counter cold and flu medications, can have a negative impact on the odor of your urine. If youre experiencing other symptoms of diabetes, like tingling hands and feet, blurred vision, or excessive thirst, make an appointment to see your doctor as soon as possible. It is common to detect diabetes early in its development by smelling orsmelling sweet or popcorn-smelling urine. You might know the saying smells like a Mutha. Eat high-fiber foods like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains to help move the popcorn through your system. explains if your baby is breastfed, their poop has a mustard yellow, green or brown color, and often a seedy texture. Rosemary, hyssop, rosemary, camphor, pennyroyal, eucalyptus, cedar, thuja, and fennel can be thought of as causes of seizures. Your doctor can diagnose high amounts of sugar or ketones with a simple urinalysis test. Foul-smelling diarrhea can be a side effect of taking more than the recommended daily allowance of multivitamin or any single mineral or vitamin. However, the bottom line is that your poop is also an important way to diagnose your health. I've read some places that burnt hair and throw up smell in the poop is not a good sign I just googled poop smelling like vomit and nothing came up having anything to do with your liver. to analyze 26 bearcats urine samples in order to identify the compound. Aside from diabetes, the most common causes of ketoacidosis are starvation and chronic alcohol abuse. Fix it: This is harmless keep on caffeinating. So, find out the causes of foul-smelling bowel movements and what you can do to avoid having to spray the toilet with air freshener every time you have a poop. Why & What to DO. If you know the underlying cause like a certain food that seemed to trigger it avoid the cause in the meantime. Ketoacidosis is a chronic and complicated condition that needs immediate medical attention. While the smell is fairly potent and can sometimes be detected on clothing, it's not as strong as marijuana. When your dogs poop smells like burnt popcorn, youre probably not happy about it. The smell usually subsides after completing or changing your medication. It could be a sign that your sense of smell is malfunctioning, which can be a symptom of certain medical conditions. One night after my vanilla cake batter squirter went to bed, he woke up a few hours later with a brown trout floating in his diaper and my husband went up to change him. Do you simply ask you mom friends if they enjoy inhaling their childs turds as much as you do? Bacteria in your GI tract can create a rancid smell based on butyric acid, which is a component of butter. It is very important to know the reason why your poop smell burnt as its entails and give description to your health status. This is why sometimes, leafy substances may appear in your poop. Infant formula contains cows milk, which is the most common allergen and can cause allergy symptoms in infants. babies bowels werent really that stinky. Thats right. In the meantime, Maybe you should take a bath bro use soap and a washcloth. Foul smelling poop. When a newborn baby passes meconium, many parents claim that their breastfed infants poop smells clean. If the smell continues longer than a week, you should see a doctor for medical attention. The body does not release this gas though but the smell you perceive is similar to this. Coffee changes the way your body processes and digests other food, coffee can speed up the digestive process making foods and substances to spend shorter time in the intestines. The use of some over-the-counter multivitamins youre allergic to could cause gastrointestinal discomfort and diarrhea. Smelling burnt toast is a common type of phantom smell. I Hope, my answer and recommendations are helpful to you. Then there was the night after they all had the squirts for 24 hours and we went through a box and a half of diapers, I dreamt I was locked in an outhouse and the shitter was overflowing and leaking on my toes.It wasnt very far my from reality and I woke up wondering when Id be out of this butt-truffle business. Symptoms may include fatigue, dehydration, pale or greasy stool, diarrhea and foul-smelling poop. In addition to stool regularity, babies fed formula tend to have darker and thicker stools than breastfed babies. Your doctor can help in identifying the cause of the smell and the best treatment or management options. It can be found in a variety of foods, in addition to white bread and jasmine rice. Common reasons for urine to smell like popcorn include: Diabetes People with diabetes may have a very high level of ketones in their bloodstream. by Loyola Martinez | Oct 19, 2022 | Popcorn. 1 1.What The Smell of Your Poop Tells You About Your Health; 2 2.Why does my shit smell like popcorn : r/NoStupidQuestions - Reddit; 3 3.6 common healthy poop questions answered by doctors | Well+Good; 4 4.What the Smell of Your Poop Can Tell You About Your Gut Health; 5 5.Why Does My Poop Smell Burnt - Every Health Matter; 6 6.Stool Odor: Why Does My Poop Smell So Bad? Find out why you can test negative and still have, Officials say the antibiotic gepotidacin is performing so well in trials that it may be available sooner than expected for treatment of UTIs. When a binturong urinates, the liquid soaks its feet and. Bishop S. (2010). If you notice this, you can stop taking the food as it may cause other reactions. There is an odor associated with mouse pee, similar to popcorn, but it takes a lot of mice to secrete enough urine to be detectable by an average person. When there is a popcorn-like odor in your urine, this could be an early sign of diabetes. This will dilute the concentration of chemicals in your urine and help to reduce the smell significantly. The more time it takes to digest these foods, the higher the amount of gas produced in the digestive system. The bowl should be microwaved for about 5 minutes, then microwaved for another hour or so. A methane smell smells come from foods such as beans, milk, eggs, etc. Stay healthy, Parvo Poop Smell: Easy Treatments & 3 Signs of Recovery, Why Does My Poop Smell Sweet: 6 Possible Causes & Treatments, Bonded Retainer: 3 Types, Advantages, Disadvantages & Helpful Tip on Removal, Tongue Thrusting: Signs, Risks & Treatment. Sulfur Burps and Diarrhea - A Sign of Infection. However, if the symptom persists, consult your doctor to identify the possible cause. Diabetes can be managed with the appropriate amount of care, thanks to the numerous treatments available. Pop-poop or Popoop as I call it can also be caused by foods like chicken, mayo sandwiches, cheese, pepper skewers, baked potatoes, and cookies. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. The smell of burnt popcorn is one of the worst stinks in the entire world. There are also products on the market which aim to change your dogs poop. 99.9% of the times, the products of bacterial actions are the cause of various stool smells. Eating foods high in fat or protein. If you want to make your liquid waste appear more pleasant, drink more water or adjust your diet to make it appear less pleasant. This is because the enzymes required to break down these sugars are absent or not enough in the body. Perhaps I love my chubby, shiny baby a little too much, I thought as I reached for the wipes as he smiled at me. When you have a temporal lobe seizure, it is most likely to cause you to smell burnt toast. A new study published in The Science of Nature found this bewitching scent is produced by a chemical compound in their urine called 2-AP. My poop has been smelling like popcorn lately, & I'm really confused. They . In the meantime, Avoid intestinal stimulants like coffee, tea, cola, etc. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, a.k.a. When the brain fires in an abnormal manner, this is referred to as a seizure. Binturongs may smell like popcorn, but it's not on their menu. To prevent diseases and infections, the following hygienic practices can go a long way in keeping your gut healthy: When you eat hurriedly or swallow very fast, air goes into your body at a fast pace. 7. Who knew our babes could mimic the scents of some of our favorite foods? The stool may be runny enough to resemble diarrhea and may smell sweet, unlike regular bowel-movement odor.. The more your body build higher levels of ketones, you enter into a stage know as ketoacidosis (Medical News Today, 2021). Diet with high protein: Eating foods with high level of protein can cause your body to enter ketosis. So, cook raw foods such as eggs, pork, poultry, and beef well before eating. It is normal to have a small number of ketones in the bloodstream especially if you exercise a lot or burn fats. newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/strong-smelling-urine-not-necessarily-cause-for-concern/, merckmanuals.com/home/women-s-health-issues/pregnancy-complicated-by-disease/kidney-disorders-during-pregnancy, mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-symptoms/art-20044248. It can cause your mouth to produce a bad smell, it can also cause your poop or urine to have another smell like burnt hair. Rachel K., mother of two, says, Both my kids had poops that smelled like buttered popcorn., And Heather B. said her childs poop smelled sweet and creamy, and adds, It wasnt until we started feeding her solid food when she was one that her poop had an icky smell., Jessica K says, Our first daughters poop smelled like vanilla cupcakes (to me! Urine that smells like popcorn typically isn't a sign of early pregnancy. If youre concerned about your sense of smell, its best to consult with a doctor to rule out any underlying medical issues. Haven't had any corn related food in probably years. In many cases, the remains of these compounds can cause changes in the urine. smoking. Lets find out what may be responsible for this smell, the symptoms to note, diagnosis, and treatment options. Although the smells vary from person to person, they are typically unpleasant, such as burnt toast or metallic odors. Intestinal disease or infection is the major cause of these. In popcorn, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline gives off a toasted smell as the sugars in the kernels heat. The presence of these substances in your urine can result in the distinct popcorn aroma. COVID-19, a virus that can cause anosmia or loss of smell, can cause phantom smells as well. There is a molecule in cooking popcorn called 2-AP, which is the same molecule that produces the same aroma as 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline. The poop smell similarity you perceive now is only because your diets are similar. Most adults should aim to drink at least eight different eight-ounce servings of fluids every day. If your pungent burps are followed by diarrhea or loose stools, you may have a gastrointestinal infection. Here are some tips to get rid of the problem with your feet, socks, and shoes. :( Has anyone encountered this by now? Your dog may have an urge to mark his territory by scratching and urine-marking your furniture. This type of poop is usually seen in infants and children. I noticed that when I stopped, my body was able to absorb food better. When you become dehydrated, the difference between these two components gets smaller, making the concentration of waste chemicals stronger. There is some evidence that vitamin or mineral deficiencies can cause an altered sense of smell, but unless you are on a restricted diet or have a digestive problem, this is unlikely. More than likely, if your poop reeks of sulfur, then you probably ate sulfur-rich foods such as eggs. Youll notice a stronger odor if youve got a lot of bacteria around you. Your poop smells like buttered popcorn because the bacteria in your GI tract can make a rancid smell based on butyric acid, which is a component of butter. If you have been loving the smell of your babys poop and and it actually makes you crave sweets like Grandma used to make as you enter their room to change their loaded diaper, have peace mind knowing you are not alone, and your secret is safe with us. Consult your doctor if you have any of the following. Your doctor may prescribe insulin to help regulate your bodys blood sugar, and recommend that you follow a diet low in carbs and sugars. They should be well formed and brown in color although the color may change from person to person and also what you consumed. You should consult your urologist if you suspect you have an underlying health condition that is causing an abnormal odor. Consuming too many eggs or something with sulfur will cause your feces to smell like sulfur or rotten eggs. No matter what the cause, smelly poop can be a nuisance. Alternatively, you might have a medical condition called trimellitic anhydride sensitivity, which causes you to smell like popcorn when you sweat. Poop smells bad, but not like that, check if your breath is changing too. There is no cause for concern if the changes occur once or maybe twice in a week. Poop is an essential part of any humans diet. But after I went to get him one sunny afternoon when his turds really had time to brew, and I got the craving for buttercream frosting and swore he must have had a sugar cookie candle burning in his room, I began to think I might be losing my damn mind. Some women experience changes during their first trimester, some only experience changes during the last trimester, and others notice changes throughout their entire pregnancy. K. Kat592016192554556. In fact, everyones urine has its own unique scent. My parents are both great cooks, and they taught me a lot about the kitchen. This is considered diarrhea. Just like the buttered popcorn and maple syrup, baby poop can smell a little yeasty, especially in breastfed babies, because of the way she is breaking down sugars in the milk or formula.
Recettes Mystique De Ya Kafi,
Gainesville Sun Obituaries And Funeral Notices,
Spain National Team Top Goal Scorers,
Youth Basketball Leagues Columbia, Sc,
Articles P